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Marietta Brambilla
Marietta Brambilla (6 June 1807 – 6 November 1875) was an Italian contralto who sang leading roles in the opera houses of Europe from 1827 until her retirement from the stage in 1848. She is best known today for having created the roles of Maffio Orsini in Donizetti's ''Lucrezia Borgia'' and Pierotto in his ''Linda di Chamounix'', but she also created several other roles in lesser-known works. She was the elder sister of the opera singers Teresa and Giuseppina Brambilla and the aunt of Teresina Brambilla who was also an opera singer.
==Life and career==
Brambilla was born in Cassano d'Adda, the daughter of Gerolamo and Angela (''née'' Columbo) Brambilla. She was the eldest of five sisters, all of whom became opera singers. Teresa (1813–1895) was a soprano who created the role of Gilda in ''Rigoletto''. Giuseppina sang both contralto and soprano roles and was married to the tenor Corrado Miraglia. Both had very prominent careers. Annetta (1812–?) and Lauretta (1823-1881) were both sopranos who had lesser careers, appearing primarily in provincial Italian opera houses.〔Cernuschi, Angelo (2013). ''Brambilla: l'armoniosa famiglia Cassanese''. Botalla. ISBN 9788897794097. (Extracts ) retrieved 28 January 2015 .〕〔Cernuschi, Angelo (2008) "Marietta Brambilla 1807–1875 Una storia Cassanese" in ''Le Lombarde in Musica''. Colombo. ISBN 8862630085. (Extract ) retrieved 30 January 2015 .〕〔Mattera, Angelo (1971). (Brambilla, Marietta" ). ''Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani'', Vol. 13. Treccani. Online version retrieved 27 January 2015 .〕
Marietta Brambilla studied at the Milan Conservatory and made her stage debut in 1827 at Her Majesty's Theatre in London as Arsace in Rossini's ''Semiramide''. She sang in several other operas in London that season as well as giving recitals in other English cities. She returned to Italy in 1828 where she sang at La Fenice in the world premiere of Pietro Generali's ''Francesca da Rimini''. Brambilla made her debut at La Scala in the 1833 world premiere of Donizetti's ''Lucrezia Borgia'' as Maffio Orsini, a role he had written expressly for her. He also composed Pierotto in ''Linda di Chamounix'' for her and adapted the tenor role of Armando di Gondì in ''Maria di Rohan'' for her voice when the opera had its first Paris performance in 1843.〔Forbes, Elizabeth. (2008). ("Brambilla, Marietta" ) in Laura Williams Macy (ed.), ''The Grove Book of Opera Singers'', p. 58. Oxford University Press〕
Brambilla retired from the stage in 1848, after which she taught singing in Milan and composed several albums of songs and vocal exercises. She married Count Francesco Furga-Gornini in 1857. The marriage ended with his death four years later. She died of cancer in Milan at the age of 68 and was buried in Cassano d'Adda.〔
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